Abstract: in the conditions of import substitution and food security programs announced by the government, the issues of ways of development and support of agriculture become urgent. Important in this matter will be the appeal to the rich experience of our recent past, when the country’s agriculture was raised in difficult economic and social conditions. The article reveals the actual at that time 30-ies of the last century forms of organization of agriculture and agricultural production in the territory of Dagestan. It is noted that a large measure of the dependence of the development of agriculture in the highlands and foothills of the Republic on collective forms of production.
The article describes the collective farm organization form in which all means of production were united. The farm was allowed to harmoniously balance public and private interests of the workers, which is important in the conduct of collective farms.
The article highlights the aspects of collective farm organization in the form of partnerships. There are two forms: agricultural and livestock associations. In agricultural associations, land plots and seeds were necessarily united within the framework of the collective farm. The allocation in the partnership inventory and livestock remained voluntary. To join the livestock partnership from the peasant was required to contribute money or cattle, poultry. At the same time, after joining the partnership, material and in-kind assistance was allocated to needy peasants.
Separately, the article pays attention to communes as one of the main forms of collective economy organization, in which the means of production, branches of economy, and cattle were United in full. But in the mountainous regions of the Republic this form of organization of collective economy has not been widespread.
Keywords: Dagestan, economy, agriculture, collectivization, collective and state farms