Abstract: the relevance of this study is due to the current political situation in the world, not the best way reflected in the relationship between Madrid and Moscow, developing the last twenty years in a very friendly direction. The crisis of relations between the European Union and Russia related to the Ukrainian events, the position taken by Brussels, led to the suspension of cooperation between Spain and Russia in many spheres of political and economic activity.
The key place in the research is devoted to the study of the relations between the internal and external political situation in Spain, which put it in unquestioning dependence on the political opinion of the European Union. Changes in the internal political processes of the Kingdom are considered from several angles: intra-national, regional and global. Intra-national processes consider interrelations of foreign and domestic policy of the country, regional processes-influence of policy of Spain on the international processes at the regional level and global – political inclusion of the Kingdom in processes of world globalization.
The relationship between the Kingdom of Spain and Russia is based on the cooperation and friendship of countries that are many hundreds of years old. Cooperation, both political and economic, has always been constructive and positive. Since the end of the last century and until 2014, the trade turnover between Russia and Spain has doubled, reaching 11 billion euros. Foreign policy reasons in 2014 reduced trade turnover by 18 percent, but it should be noted that a special impact on the decline in relations between the countries had only the dependence of Spain on the political ambitions of the European Union.
Keywords: world economy, Russia, Spain, European Union, trade relations