Abstract: the current social problem, which is in the center of attention of the Russian government, is considered in the article. The existence of life restrictions for persons with disabilities does not allow these people, including children with disabilities, to lead a life that corresponds to the level and quality of life of healthy citizens. According to the authors of the article, the reasons for this situation are not only institutional shortcomings, but also a number of points related to the disabled themselves, their social characteristics. This article is about the problem of primary and secondary socialization of disabled people.
The authors link the specifics of the situation of disabled people with their potential and the conditions for its implementation in modern conditions. Modern social policy has a clear tendency to emphasize the problems of disabled people, because not only society, but also the disabled themselves should strive to realize fully their potential to improve the level and quality of their lives.
The non-standard and interdisciplinary approach allowed the authors to draw a number of conclusions. These findings are of practical importance for decision-making on leveling the problems of persons with disabilities. The basic concepts of the concept of disability, health, norm are described by the authors of the article. The authors reveal their content, specifics of interpretation, existing approaches in modern scientific sociological thought, explain the principles of functioning of these approaches, without avoiding the question of some aspects of evaluating the effectiveness of programs of socio-cultural adaptation and socialization of people with disabilities, in the success of which personal biosocial potential plays an important role.
Keywords: biosocial potential, indicators of the nation health, the phenomenon of disability, disability, social policy, social transformation